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Surah 13 Ar-Ra`d
- Alif, Lam, Mim, Ra. These are the verses of the Book; what has been revealed to you from your Lord is the truth, but most people do not believe.
- GOD is the One who raised the heavens without pillars that you can see; then He established Himself on the Throne and subjected the sun and the moon, each running for a specified term. He manages all matters; He details the signs that you may be certain of meeting your Lord.
- And it is He who spread out the earth and placed therein firmly set mountains and rivers; and of all fruits, He made in it two pairs. He causes the night to cover the day. Indeed, in that are signs for a people who reflect.
- And on the earth are neighboring tracts and gardens of grapevines and crops and palm trees, from a single root or otherwise, watered with the same water; but We make some of them exceed others in fruit. Indeed, in that are signs for a people who reason.
- And if you are astonished, , then astonishing is their saying: “When we are dust, will we indeed be into a new creation?” Those are the ones who have disbelieved in their Lord, and those will have shackles upon their necks, and those are the companions of the Fire; they will abide therein eternally.
- They impatiently urge you to bring about evil before good, while there have already occurred before them similar punishments . And indeed, your Lord is full of forgiveness for the people despite their wrongdoing, and indeed, your Lord is severe in penalty.
- And those who disbelieve say, “Why has a sign not been sent down to him from his Lord?” You are only a warner, and for every people is a guide.
- GOD knows what every female carries and what the wombs lose or exceed. And everything with Him is by due measure.
- the Knower of the unseen and the witnessed, the Grand, the Exalted.
- It is the same concerning you whether one conceals speech or publicizes it and whether one is hidden by night or conspicuous among others by day.
- For each one are successive before and behind him who protect him by the decree of GOD. Indeed, GOD will not change the condition of a people until they change what is in themselves. And when GOD intends for a people ill, there is no repelling it. And there is not for them besides Him any patron.
- It is He who shows you the lightning, fear and aspiration, and generates the heavy clouds.
- And the thunder exalts with praise of Him – and the angels from fear of Him – and He sends thunderbolts and strikes with them whom He wills while they dispute about GOD; and He is severe in assault.
- To Him is the supplication of truth. And those they call upon besides Him do not respond to them with a thing, except as one who stretches his hands toward water to reach his mouth, but it will not reach it. And the supplication of the disbelievers is not but in error.
- And to GOD prostrates whoever is within the heavens and the earth, willingly or by compulsion, and their shadows in the mornings and the afternoons.
- Say, “Who is Lord of the heavens and the earth?” Say, “GOD.” Say, “Have you then taken besides Him protectors not possessing for themselves any benefit or any harm?” Say, “Is the blind equivalent to the seeing? Or are the darknesses equivalent to the light? Or have they attributed to GOD partners who created like His creation so that the creation seemed similar to them?” Say, “GOD is the Creator of all things, and He is the One, the Irresistible.”
- He sends down water from the sky, and valleys flow according to their measure, and the torrent carries a rising foam. And from that which they heat in the fire, desiring adornments and utensils, is a foam like it. Thus GOD presents truth and falsehood. As for the foam, it vanishes, cast off; but as for that which benefits the people, it remains on the earth. Thus does GOD present examples.
- For those who have responded to their Lord is the best , but those who did not respond to Him – if they had all that is on the earth entirely and the like of it with it, they would ransom themselves thereby. For those, there will be a terrible account, and their refuge is Hell, and wretched is the resting place.
- Then is he who knows that what has been revealed to you from your Lord is the truth like one who is blind? They will only be reminded who are people of understanding –
- Those who fulfill the covenant of GOD and do not break the contract,
- And those who join that which GOD has ordered to be joined and fear their Lord and are afraid of the evil of account,
- And those who are patient, seeking the face of their Lord, and establish prayer and spend from what We have provided them, secretly and publicly, and prevent evil with good – those will have the good consequence of home –
- Gardens of perpetual residence; they will enter them with whoever were righteous among their fathers, their spouses, and their descendants. And the angels will enter upon them from every gate, ,
- “Peace be upon you for what you patiently endured. And excellent is the final home.”
- But those who break the covenant of GOD after contracting it and sever that which GOD has ordered to be joined and spread corruption on earth – for them is the curse, and they will have the worst home.
- GOD extends provision for whom He wills and restricts . And they rejoice in the worldly life, while the worldly life is not, compared to the Hereafter, except enjoyment.
- And those who disbelieve say, “Why has a sign not been sent down to him from his Lord?” Say, “Indeed, GOD leaves astray whom He wills and guides to Himself whoever turns back –
- Those who have believed and whose hearts are assured by the remembrance of GOD. Unquestionably, by the remembrance of GOD hearts are assured.”
- Those who have believed and done righteous deeds – a good state is theirs and a good return.
- Thus We have sent you to a community before which communities have passed away so you might recite to them that which We revealed to you, while they disbelieve in the Most Merciful. Say, “He is my Lord; there is no deity except Him. Upon Him I rely, and to Him is my return.”
- And if there was any Qur’an by which the mountains would be removed or the earth would be broken apart or the dead would be made to speak, it would be this Qur’an. But to GOD belongs the affair entirely. Then have those who believed not accepted that had GOD willed, He would have guided the people, all of them? And those who disbelieve – disaster will not cease to strike them for what they have done or to descend near their home until the promise of GOD comes. Indeed, GOD does not fail in promise.
- And already were messengers ridiculed before you, and I extended the time of those who disbelieved; then I seized them, and how was My penalty.
- Then is He who is a maintainer of every soul, what it has earned, ? But they have attributed to GOD partners. Say, “Name them. Or do you inform Him of that which He knows not upon the earth, or is it a show of words?” Rather, their plan has been made attractive to those who disbelieve, and they have been averted from the way. And whomever GOD leaves astray – there will be for him no guide.
- For them will be punishment in the life of this world, and the punishment of the Hereafter is more severe. And they will not have from GOD any protector.
- The example of Paradise, which the righteous are promised, is beneath it rivers flow. Its fruit is lasting, and its shade. That is the consequence for the righteous, and the consequence for the disbelievers is the Fire.
- And those to whom We have given the Scripture rejoice at what has been revealed to you, , but among the factions are those who deny part of it. Say, “I have only been commanded to worship GOD and not associate with Him. To Him I invite, and to Him is my return.”
- And thus We have revealed it as an Arabic legislation. And if you should follow their inclinations after what has come to you of knowledge, you would not have against GOD any ally or any protector.
- And We have already sent messengers before you and assigned to them wives and descendants. And it was not for a messenger to bring a sign except by permission of GOD. For every term is a decree.
- GOD eliminates what He wills or confirms, and with Him is the Mother of the Book.
- And whether We show you part of what We promise them or take you in death, upon you is only the notification, and upon Us is the account.
- Have they not seen that We set upon the land, reducing it from its borders? And GOD decides; there is no adjuster of His decision. And He is swift in account.
- And those before them had plotted, but to GOD belongs the plan entirely. He knows what every soul earns, and the disbelievers will know for whom is the final home.
- And those who have disbelieved say, “You are not a messenger.” Say, “Sufficient is GOD as Witness between me and you, and whoever has knowledge of the Scripture.”
Surah 13 Ar-Ra`d Introduction
Surah Ar-Ra’d is a chapter of the Holy Qur’ān that captures the awe-inspiring power of divine creation and the inevitable reality of accountability. The title, “Ar-Ra’d,” meaning “The Thunder,” symbolizes both GOD’s majestic might and the reminders scattered throughout nature of His authority. This Surah is a call to reflect on the intricate balance and order of the universe, the undeniable truth of divine guidance, and the consequences of human choices.
Ar-Ra’d intertwines the signs of nature with profound spiritual truths, illustrating that the heavens, the earth, and all creation submit to the will of GOD. The chapter speaks directly to the human soul, urging it to recognize the Creator through His signs and to submit willingly to His guidance.
The chapter serves as a reminder of the duality of existence: blessings for the believers and warnings for the heedless. It emphasizes the importance of faith, patience, and steadfastness in the face of life’s challenges, while also highlighting the inevitability of divine justice.
In a world often filled with distractions and doubts, Ar-Ra’d stands as a testament to the clarity and certainty of divine truth. It challenges us to see beyond the superficial and to align our lives with the eternal principles of justice, gratitude, and submission to GOD.
Interlinear Translation
Part 1: Verses 1-5
| Verse | Text | Transliteration | Translation | Literal Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13:1 | الر ۚ تِلْكَ آيَاتُ الْكِتَابِ ۗ وَالَّذِي أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ الْحَقُّ وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ | Alif Lam Mim Ra. Tilka āyātu al-kitābi wa-alladhī unzila ilayka min rabbika al-ḥaqqu walākinna akthara al-nāsi lā yu’minūn | Alif, Lam, Mim, Ra. These are the verses of the Book; what has been revealed to you from your Lord is the truth, but most people do not believe. | Alif, Lam, Mim, Ra. These are the signs of the Book; what has come to you from your Lord is the truth, though many people do not believe. |
| 13:2 | اللَّهُ الَّذِي رَفَعَ السَّمَاوَاتِ بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَوْنَهَا ثُمَّ اسْتَوَىٰ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ كُلٌّ يَجْرِي لِأَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى يُدَبِّرُ الْأَمْرَ يُفَصِّلُ الْآيَاتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ بِلِقَاءِ رَبِّكُمْ تُوقِنُونَ | Allāhu alladhī rafa‘a al-samāwāti bighayri ‘amadin tarawnahā thumma istawā ‘alā al-‘arshi wa-sakhkhara al-shamsa wa-al-qamara kullun yajrī li-ajalin musamman yudabbiru al-amra yufaṣṣilu al-āyāti la‘allakum biliqā’i rabbikum tūqinūn | GOD is He who raised the heavens without pillars that you see, then established Himself upon the Throne, and subjected the sun and the moon, each running for a term appointed. He arranges all matters; He explains the signs that you may be certain of meeting your Lord. | GOD is the One who raised the heavens without pillars you see, then established upon the Throne, subjugating the sun and moon, each running its course for an appointed term. He manages affairs and clarifies signs that you may believe in meeting your Lord. |
| 13:3 | وَهُوَ الَّذِي مَدَّ الْأَرْضَ وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا رَوَاسِيَ وَأَنْهَارًا وَمِنْ كُلِّ الثَّمَرَاتِ جَعَلَ فِيهَا زَوْجَيْنِ اثْنَيْنِ يُغْشِي اللَّيْلَ النَّهَارَ إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ | Wa-huwa alladhī madda al-arḍa wa-ja‘ala fīhā rawāsiya wa-anhāran wa-min kulli al-thamarāti ja‘ala fīhā zawjayni ithnayni yughshī al-layla al-nahāra inna fī dhālika la-āyātin li-qawmin yatafakkarūn | And He is the One who spread out the earth and placed therein firmly set mountains and rivers; and of all fruits He made therein two pairs. He causes the night to cover the day. Indeed, in that are signs for a people who reflect. | He stretched out the earth, set firm mountains, and rivers, and of all fruits, He made pairs. He covers the night with the day. Truly in that are signs for those who think. |
| 13:4 | وَفِي الْأَرْضِ قِطَعٌ مُتَجَاوِرَاتٌ وَجَنَّاتٌ مِنْ أَعْنَابٍ وَزَرْعٌ وَنَخِيلٌ صِنْوَانٌ وَغَيْرُ صِنْوَانٍ يُسْقَىٰ بِمَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ وَنُفَضِّلُ بَعْضَهَا عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ فِي الْأُكُلِ إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ | Wa-fī al-arḍi qiṭa‘un mutajāwirātun wa-jannātun min a‘nābin wa-zar‘un wa-nakhīlun ṣinwānun wa-ghayru ṣinwānin yusqā bi-mā’in wāḥidin wa-nufaḍḍilu ba‘ḍahā ‘alā ba‘ḍin fī al-ukuli inna fī dhālika la-āyātin li-qawmin ya‘qilūn | And on the earth are tracts neighboring and gardens of grapevines, crops, and palm trees, rooted together and separate. All are watered with one water, yet We make some of them exceed others in quality of fruit. Indeed, in that are signs for people who reason. | Neighboring tracts of land, vineyards, crops, and palms—some single-rooted, some not—are watered with one water. Yet, We make some fruits superior. In this are signs for reasoning people. |
| 13:5 | وَإِنْ تَعْجَبْ فَعَجَبٌ قَوْلُهُمْ أَإِذَا كُنَّا تُرَابًا أَإِنَّا لَفِي خَلْقٍ جَدِيدٍ أُولَٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِرَبِّهِمْ وَأُولَٰئِكَ الْأَغْلَالُ فِي أَعْنَاقِهِمْ وَأُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ | Wa-in ta‘jab fa-‘ajabun qawluhum a-idhā kunnā turāban a-innā la-fī khalqin jadīdin ūlā’ika alladhīna kafarū bi-rabbihim wa-ūlā’ika al-aghlaalu fī a‘nāqihim wa-ūlā’ika aṣḥābu al-nāri hum fīhā khālidūn | And if you wonder, then wondrous is their saying: “When we have become dust, will we indeed be brought into a new creation?” Those are the ones who have disbelieved in their Lord, and they will have shackles upon their necks, and they will be companions of the Fire; they will abide therein eternally. | If you marvel, marvel at their saying: “When we become dust, will we be in new creation?” They are disbelievers in their Lord, with shackles on their necks, and eternal companions of the Fire. |
Commentary for Verses 1-5
Unity of Revelation and Creation:
The opening verses affirm the interconnectedness of revelation and creation. The signs in the heavens and earth testify to GOD’s wisdom and power, urging reflection and acknowledgment of the divine order. The Abrahamic Study Hall emphasizes the shared scriptural heritage, seeing these verses as evidence of a singular Creator guiding all creation towards unity and understanding.
Moral Responsibility and Accountability:
Verses 4-5 juxtapose divine generosity with human ingratitude. While creation flourishes under one sustenance, humans differ in their response to divine guidance. The disbelief and arrogance of some lead to spiritual shackles, emphasizing the consequences of rejecting the divine path.
Invitation to Reflect:
These verses encourage believers to engage in constant reflection. The diversity in creation, the harmony of systems, and the promise of eternal justice call humanity to seek GOD’s truth actively. It resonates deeply with the Abrahamic values of gratitude, moral living, and intellectual engagement.
Part 2: Verses 6-15
| Verse | Text | Transliteration | Translation | Literal Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13:6 | وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ قَبْلَ الْحَسَنَةِ وَقَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمُ الْمَثُلَاتُ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو مَغْفِرَةٍ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَىٰ ظُلْمِهِمْ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَشَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ | Wa-yasta‘jilūnaka bi-al-sayyi’ati qabla al-ḥasanati wa-qad khalat min qablihim al-mathulātu wa-inna rabbaka ladhū maghfiratin lil-nāsi ‘alā ẓulmihim wa-inna rabbaka la-shadīdu al-‘iqāb | They impatiently urge you to bring about evil before good, while there have already occurred before them similar punishments . And indeed, your Lord is full of forgiveness for the people despite their wrongdoing, and indeed, your Lord is severe in penalty. | They ask you to hasten evil before good, though similar examples passed before them. Yet your Lord forgives despite wrongs, though He is also severe in punishment. |
| 13:7 | وَيَقُولُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَوْلَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ آيَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِ إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ وَلِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هَادٍ | Wa-yaqūlu alladhīna kafarū lawlā unzila ‘alayhi āyatun min rabbihi innamā anta mundhirun wa-li-kulli qawmin hād | And those who disbelieve say, “Why has a sign not been sent down to him from his Lord?” You are only a warner, and for every people is a guide. | The disbelievers say, “Why wasn’t a sign sent to him?” You are a warner; every nation has its guide. |
| 13:8 | اللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مَا تَحْمِلُ كُلُّ أُنْثَىٰ وَمَا تَغِيضُ الْأَرْحَامُ وَمَا تَزْدَادُ وَكُلُّ شَيْءٍ عِنْدَهُ بِمِقْدَارٍ | Allāhu ya‘lamu mā taḥmilu kullu unthā wa-mā taghīḍu al-arḥāmu wa-mā tazdādu wa-kullu shay’in ‘indahu bi-miqdār | GOD knows what every female bears and what the wombs diminish or increase. And with Him, everything is by due measure. | GOD knows every womb’s load, what decreases and increases in it, and everything is measured with Him. |
| 13:9 | عَالِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ الْكَبِيرُ الْمُتَعَالِ | ‘Ālimu al-ghaybi wa-al-shahādati al-kabīru al-muta‘āl | Knower of the unseen and the witnessed, the Grand, the Exalted. | The Knower of the unseen and seen, the Great, the Most High. |
| 13:10 | سَوَاءٌ مِنْكُمْ مَنْ أَسَرَّ الْقَوْلَ وَمَنْ جَهَرَ بِهِ وَمَنْ هُوَ مُسْتَخْفٍ بِاللَّيْلِ وَسَارِبٌ بِالنَّهَارِ | Sawā’un minkum man asarra al-qawla wa-man jahara bihi wa-man huwa mustakhfin bi-al-layli wa-sāribun bi-al-nahār | It is the same concerning you whether one conceals his speech or publicizes it and whether one hides by night or is conspicuous by day. | It is all the same to Him if you conceal or declare speech, or hide by night and roam by day. |
| 13:11 | لَهُ مُعَقِّبَاتٌ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِ يَحْفَظُونَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُغَيِّرُ مَا بِقَوْمٍ حَتَّىٰ يُغَيِّرُوا مَا بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ وَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ سُوءًا فَلَا مَرَدَّ لَهُ وَمَا لَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِهِ مِنْ وَالٍ | Lahu mu‘aqqibātun min bayni yadayhi wa-min khalfihi yaḥfaẓūnahu min amri Allāhi inna Allāha lā yughayyiru mā bi-qawmin ḥattā yughayyirū mā bi-anfusihim wa-idhā arāda Allāhu bi-qawmin sū’an fa-lā maradda lahu wa-mā lahum min dūnihi min wālin | For each one are successive before and behind him who protect him by the decree of GOD. Indeed, GOD will not change the condition of a people until they change what is in themselves. And when GOD intends for a people ill, there is no repelling it. And there is not for them besides Him any patron. | Every person has protectors before and behind by GOD’s decree. GOD won’t change a people’s condition until they change their hearts. If He wills harm for a people, none can repel it. |
| 13:12 | هُوَ الَّذِي يُرِيكُمُ الْبَرْقَ خَوْفًا وَطَمَعًا وَيُنْشِئُ السَّحَابَ الثِّقَالَ | Huwa alladhī yurīkum al-barqa khawfan wa-ṭama‘an wa-yunshi’u al-saḥāba al-thiqāl | He is the One who shows you the lightning fear and hope and generates heavy clouds. | He shows you lightning, instilling fear and hope, and creates heavy clouds. |
| 13:13 | وَيُسَبِّحُ الرَّعْدُ بِحَمْدِهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ مِنْ خِيفَتِهِ وَيُرْسِلُ الصَّوَاعِقَ فَيُصِيبُ بِهَا مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَهُمْ يُجَادِلُونَ فِي اللَّهِ وَهُوَ شَدِيدُ الْمِحَالِ | Wa-yusabbiḥu al-ra‘du bi-ḥamdihi wa-al-malā’ikatu min khīfatihi wa-yursilu al-ṣawā‘iqa fa-yuṣību bihā man yashā’u wa-hum yujādilūna fī Allāhi wa-huwa shadīdu al-miḥāl | And the thunder exalts with His praise—and the angels from fear of Him. And He sends thunderbolts and strikes with them whom He wills while they dispute about GOD; and He is severe in assault. | Thunder glorifies Him in praise, as do the angels in awe. He sends thunderbolts to strike whom He wills, while people dispute about Him. |
| 13:14 | لَهُ دَعْوَةُ الْحَقِّ وَالَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ لَا يَسْتَجِيبُونَ لَهُمْ بِشَيْءٍ إِلَّا كَبَاسِطِ كَفَّيْهِ إِلَى الْمَاءِ لِيَبْلُغَ فَاهُ وَمَا هُوَ بِبَالِغِهِ وَمَا دُعَاءُ الْكَافِرِينَ إِلَّا فِي ضَلَالٍ | Lahu da‘watu al-ḥaqqi wa-alladhīna yad‘ūna min dūnihi lā yastajībūna lahum bi-shay’in illā ka-bāsiṭi kaffayhi ilā al-mā’i li-yablugha fāhu wa-mā huwa bi-bālighihi wa-mā du‘ā’u al-kāfirīna illā fī ḍalālin | To Him is the supplication of truth. And those they call upon besides Him do not respond to them at all, except as one who stretches his hands toward water to reach his mouth, but it will not reach it. And the supplication of the disbelievers is not but in error. | Only to GOD is true prayer. Others called upon respond like water that never reaches the hand. The disbelievers’ supplication is in vain. |
| 13:15 | وَلِلَّهِ يَسْجُدُ مَنْ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ طَوْعًا وَكَرْهًا وَظِلَالُهُمْ بِالْغُدُوِّ وَالْآصَالِ | Wa-lillāhi yasjudu man fī al-samāwāti wa-al-arḍi ṭaw‘an wa-karhan wa-ẓilāluhum bi-al-ghudūwi wa-al-āṣāl | And to GOD prostrates whoever is within the heavens and the earth, willingly or by compulsion, and their shadows in the mornings and the afternoons. | All in heavens and earth prostrate to GOD willingly or reluctantly, as do their shadows morning and evening. |
Commentary for Verses 6-15
GOD’s Mercy and Justice (Verse 6):
This verse underscores GOD’s balance of mercy and justice. His forgiveness is vast, but His punishment is severe, reminding believers of accountability. The Abrahamic perspective aligns with this duality, encouraging moral responsibility while relying on divine mercy.
Divine Omniscience (Verses 7-10):
GOD’s knowledge of all actions, hidden or visible, reflects His omniscience. These verses challenge believers to live authentically, as nothing escapes His awareness. Abrahamic theology often emphasizes this divine attribute, encouraging constant self-reflection and sincerity.
Signs in Nature (Verses 11-13):
Nature reflects GOD’s majesty—the lightning, clouds, and thunder glorify Him. Abrahamic traditions see these signs as calls to ponder the Creator’s power and seek a deeper connection with Him.
Sole Object of Worship (Verses 14-15):
True prayer belongs to GOD alone. Calling upon others is futile. This theme resonates with the Abrahamic focus on monotheism, highlighting the futility of idolatry and the importance of devotion to the One True GOD.
Part 3: Verses 16-25
| Verse | Text | Transliteration | Translation | Literal Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13:16 | قُلْ مَنْ رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ قُلِ اللَّهُ قُلْ أَفَاتَّخَذْتُمْ مِنْ دُونِهِ أَوْلِيَاءَ لَا يَمْلِكُونَ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ نَفْعًا وَلَا ضَرًّا قُلْ هَلْ يَسْتَوِي الْأَعْمَىٰ وَالْبَصِيرُ أَمْ هَلْ تَسْتَوِي الظُّلُمَاتُ وَالنُّورُ أَمْ جَعَلُوا لِلَّهِ شُرَكَاءَ خَلَقُوا كَخَلْقِهِ فَتَشَابَهَ الْخَلْقُ عَلَيْهِمْ قُلِ اللَّهُ خَالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَهُوَ الْوَاحِدُ الْقَهَّارُ | Qul man rabbu al-samāwāti wa-al-arḍi qul Allāhu qul afa-ttakhadhtum min dūnihi awliyā’a lā yamlikūna li-anfusihim naf‘an wa-lā ḍarran qul hal yastawī al-a‘mā wa-al-baṣīru am hal tastawī al-ẓulumātu wa-al-nūru am ja‘alū lillāhi shurakā’a khalaqū ka-khalqihi fa-tashābaha al-khalqu ‘alayhim qul Allāhu khāliqu kulli shay’in wa-huwa al-wāḥidu al-qahhār | Say, “Who is Lord of the heavens and the earth?” Say, “GOD.” Say, “Have you then taken besides Him protectors who possess for themselves neither benefit nor harm?” Say, “Is the blind equivalent to the seeing? Or are the darknesses equivalent to the light? Or have they attributed to GOD partners who created like His creation so that the creation seemed similar to them?” Say, “GOD is the Creator of all things, and He is the One, the Irresistible.” | Say, “Who is the Lord of the heavens and earth?” Say, “GOD.” Ask, “Do you take other than Him as protectors who cannot benefit or harm themselves? Is the blind like the seeing? Are darkness and light equal? Or have partners with GOD created anything comparable to His creation?” Say, “GOD is the Creator of all, the One, the Overwhelming.” |
| 13:17 | أَنْزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً فَسَالَتْ أَوْدِيَةٌ بِقَدَرِهَا فَاحْتَمَلَ السَّيْلُ زَبَدًا رَابِيًا وَمِمَّا يُوقِدُونَ عَلَيْهِ فِي النَّارِ ابْتِغَاءَ حِلْيَةٍ أَوْ مَتَاعٍ زَبَدٌ مِثْلُهُ كَذَٰلِكَ يَضْرِبُ اللَّهُ الْحَقَّ وَالْبَاطِلَ فَأَمَّا الزَّبَدُ فَيَذْهَبُ جُفَاءً وَأَمَّا مَا يَنْفَعُ النَّاسَ فَيَمْكُثُ فِي الْأَرْضِ كَذَٰلِكَ يَضْرِبُ اللَّهُ الْأَمْثَالَ | Anzala mina al-samā’i mā’an fa-sālat awdiyatun bi-qadarihā fa-iḥtamala al-saylu zabadan rābiya wa-mimmā yūqidūna ‘alayhi fī al-nāri ibtighā’a ḥilyatin aw matā‘in zabadun mithluhu kadhālika yaḍribu Allāhu al-ḥaqqa wa-al-bāṭila fa-ammā al-zabadu fa-yadhhabu jufā’an wa-ammā mā yanfa‘u al-nāsa fa-yamkuthu fī al-arḍi kadhālika yaḍribu Allāhu al-amthāl | He sends down water from the sky, and valleys flow according to their measure, and the torrent carries a rising foam. And from what they heat in the fire, desiring adornments or utensils, is a foam like it. Thus GOD presents truth and falsehood. As for the foam, it vanishes cast off; but as for that which benefits the people, it remains on the earth. Thus does GOD present examples. | He sends water from the sky, filling valleys to their capacity, carrying foam above them. Fire produces similar foam when melting metals for ornaments or tools. Thus GOD compares truth to falsehood: foam vanishes, but what benefits remains. |
| 13:18 | لِلَّذِينَ اسْتَجَابُوا لِرَبِّهِمُ الْحُسْنَىٰ وَالَّذِينَ لَمْ يَسْتَجِيبُوا لَهُ لَوْ أَنَّ لَهُمْ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا وَمِثْلَهُ مَعَهُ لَافْتَدَوْا بِهِ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ سُوءُ الْحِسَابِ وَمَأْوَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ وَبِئْسَ الْمِهَادُ | Lilladhīna istajābū li-rabbihim al-ḥusnā wa-alladhīna lam yastajībū lahu law anna lahum mā fī al-arḍi jamī‘an wa-mithlahu ma‘ahu la-ftadaw bihi ūlā’ika lahum sū’u al-ḥisābi wa-ma’wāhum jahannamu wa-bi’sa al-mihād | For those who have responded to their Lord is the best , but those who did not respond to Him—even if they had all that is on earth entirely and the like of it with it, they would ransom themselves thereby. For them is a terrible account, and their refuge is Hell, and wretched is the resting place. | Those who answer their Lord will have the best reward. Those who don’t—if they owned everything on earth and more, they’d ransom themselves. They face terrible judgment and Hell, a terrible resting place. |
| 13:19 | أَفَمَنْ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ الْحَقُّ كَمَنْ هُوَ أَعْمَىٰ إِنَّمَا يَتَذَكَّرُ أُولُو الْأَلْبَابِ | Afa-man ya‘lamu annamā unzila ilayka min rabbika al-ḥaqqu ka-man huwa a‘mā inna-mā yatadhakkaru ūlū al-albāb | Then is he who knows that what has been revealed to you from your Lord is the truth like one who is blind? They will only be reminded who are people of understanding. | Is the one who knows what your Lord revealed is true like the blind? Only those with reason will heed the reminder. |
| 13:20 | الَّذِينَ يُوفُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَلَا يَنْقُضُونَ الْمِيثَاقَ | Alladhīna yūfūna bi-‘ahdi Allāhi wa-lā yanquḍūna al-mīthāq | Those who fulfill the covenant of GOD and do not break the contract. | Those who honor GOD’s covenant and do not break their promises. |
| 13:21 | وَالَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ وَيَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ وَيَخَافُونَ سُوءَ الْحِسَابِ | Wa-alladhīna yaṣilūna mā amara Allāhu bihi an yūṣala wa-yakhshawnā rabbahum wa-yakhāfūna sū’a al-ḥisāb | And those who join that which GOD has ordered to be joined and fear their Lord and fear the evil of account. | Those who maintain ties GOD commands, fear Him, and dread harsh reckoning. |
| 13:22 | وَالَّذِينَ صَبَرُوا ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ رَبِّهِمْ وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَأَنْفَقُوا مِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ سِرًّا وَعَلَانِيَةً وَيَدْرَءُونَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ السَّيِّئَةَ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ عُقْبَى الدَّارِ | Wa-alladhīna ṣabarū ibtighā’a wajhi rabbihim wa-aqāmū al-ṣalāta wa-anfaqū mimma razaqnāhum sirran wa-‘alāniyatan wa-yadra’ūna bi-al-ḥasanati al-sayyi’ata ūlā’ika lahum ‘uqbā al-dār | And those who are patient, seeking the face of their Lord, and establish prayer and spend from what We have provided them, secretly and publicly, and prevent evil with good—those will have the good consequence of home. | Those patient for GOD’s sake, who pray, give secretly and openly, and repel evil with good, they’ll have the best hereafter. |
| 13:23 | جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ يَدْخُلُونَهَا وَمَنْ صَلَحَ مِنْ آبَائِهِمْ وَأَزْوَاجِهِمْ وَذُرِّيَّاتِهِمْ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ يَدْخُلُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ كُلِّ بَابٍ | Jannātu ‘adnin yadkhulūnahā wa-man ṣalaḥa min ābā’ihim wa-azwājihim wa-dhurriyyātihim wa-al-malā’ikatu yadkhulūna ‘alayhim min kulli bābin | Gardens of perpetual residence; they will enter them with whoever was righteous among their fathers, their spouses, and their descendants. And the angels will enter upon them from every gate. | Eternal Gardens, entered by them and their righteous kin. Angels greet them at every gate. |
| 13:24 | سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ بِمَا صَبَرْتُمْ فَنِعْمَ عُقْبَى الدَّارِ | Salāmun ‘alaykum bi-mā ṣabartum fa-ni‘ma ‘uqbā al-dār | , “Peace be upon you for what you patiently endured. And excellent is the final home.” | “Peace for your patience. How excellent the ultimate abode!” |
| 13:25 | وَالَّذِينَ يَنْقُضُونَ عَهْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مِيثَاقِهِ وَيَقْطَعُونَ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ وَيُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمُ اللَّعْنَةُ وَلَهُمْ سُوءُ الدَّارِ | Wa-alladhīna yanquḍūna ‘ahda Allāhi min ba‘di mīthāqihi wa-yaqṭa‘ūna mā amara Allāhu bihi an yūṣala wa-yufsidūna fī al-arḍi ūlā’ika lahumu al-la‘natu wa-lahum sū’u al-dār | But those who break the covenant of GOD after contracting it and sever that which GOD has ordered to be joined and spread corruption on earth—for them is the curse, and they will have the worst home. | Those breaking GOD’s covenant and severing ties He commands will be cursed and dwell in the worst abode. |
Commentary for Verses 16-25
Monotheism Affirmed (Verse 16):
This verse emphasizes the singularity and sovereignty of GOD as Creator. The rhetorical questions about blindness, darkness, and light call believers to distinguish truth from falsehood, affirming monotheism as the guiding light.
Truth vs. Falsehood (Verse 17):
The metaphor of foam versus water highlights the transient nature of falsehood compared to the lasting impact of truth. In Abrahamic thought, truth is eternal and serves humanity’s betterment, while falsehood, like foam, dissipates quickly.
Accountability and Response to Guidance (Verses 18-19):
The dual outcomes for those who respond to divine guidance versus those who reject it underscore accountability. Abrahamic theology teaches that worldly possessions cannot ransom a soul; sincere response to GOD’s call is the only path to salvation.
Virtues of the Righteous (Verses 20-23):
Fulfilling covenants, maintaining relationships, patience, and acts of charity define the righteous. These qualities echo across Abrahamic teachings, demonstrating that faith is lived through actions that benefit others and honor divine will.
Consequences of Corruption (Verse 25):
The verse warns against breaking divine covenants and spreading corruption, highlighting that such actions lead to divine curses and eternal loss. This aligns with Abrahamic ethics, which emphasize stewardship, justice, and accountability for actions that harm societal and spiritual integrity.
Part 4: Verses 26-35
| Verse | Text | Transliteration | Translation | Literal Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13:26 | اللَّهُ يَبْسُطُ الرِّزْقَ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيَقْدِرُ وَفَرِحُوا بِالْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَمَا الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا فِي الْآخِرَةِ إِلَّا مَتَاعٌ | Allāhu yabsuṭu al-rizqa li-man yashā’u wa-yaqdiru wa-fariḥū bi-al-ḥayāti al-dunyā wa-mā al-ḥayātu al-dunyā fī al-ākhirati illā matā‘ | GOD extends provision for whom He wills and restricts it. And they rejoice in the worldly life, but the worldly life is not, compared to the Hereafter, except enjoyment. | GOD expands or restricts provision for whomever He wills. They rejoice in this worldly life, yet compared to the Hereafter, it is merely temporary enjoyment. |
| 13:27 | وَيَقُولُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَوْلَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ آيَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِ قُلْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُضِلُّ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيَهْدِي إِلَيْهِ مَنْ أَنَابَ | Wa-yaqūlu alladhīna kafarū lawlā unzila ‘alayhi āyatun min rabbihi qul inna Allāha yuḍillu man yashā’u wa-yahdī ilayhi man anāba | And those who disbelieve say, “Why has a sign not been sent down to him from his Lord?” Say, “Indeed, GOD leaves astray whom He wills and guides to Himself whoever turns back .” | The disbelievers say, “Why hasn’t a sign come to him?” Say, “GOD leads astray whom He wills and guides to Himself whoever turns to Him.” |
| 13:28 | الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَتَطْمَئِنُّ قُلُوبُهُمْ بِذِكْرِ اللَّهِ أَلَا بِذِكْرِ اللَّهِ تَطْمَئِنُّ الْقُلُوبُ | Alladhīna āmanū wa-taṭma’innu qulūbuhum bi-dhikri Allāhi alā bi-dhikri Allāhi taṭma’innu al-qulūb | Those who have believed and whose hearts are assured by the remembrance of GOD. Unquestionably, by the remembrance of GOD hearts are assured. | Those who believe and find tranquility in GOD’s remembrance. Indeed, hearts are calmed by remembering GOD. |
| 13:29 | الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ طُوبَىٰ لَهُمْ وَحُسْنُ مَآبٍ | Alladhīna āmanū wa-‘amilū al-ṣāliḥāti ṭūbā lahum wa-ḥusnu ma’āb | Those who have believed and done righteous deeds—a good state is theirs and a good return. | Those who believe and act righteously will have blessings and the best return. |
| 13:30 | كَذَٰلِكَ أَرْسَلْنَاكَ فِي أُمَّةٍ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهَا أُمَمٌ لِتَتْلُوَ عَلَيْهِمُ الَّذِي أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ وَهُمْ يَكْفُرُونَ بِالرَّحْمَٰنِ قُلْ هُوَ رَبِّي لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَإِلَيْهِ مَتَابِ | Kadhālika arsalnāka fī ummatin qad khalat min qablihā umamun li-tatluwa ‘alayhimu alladhī awḥaynā ilayka wa-hum yakfurūna bi-al-Raḥmāni qul huwa rabbī lā ilāha illā huwa ‘alayhi tawakkaltu wa-ilayhi matāb | Thus We have sent you to a community before which other communities have passed away so you might recite to them what We revealed to you, but they disbelieve in the Most Merciful. Say, “He is my Lord; there is no deity except Him. Upon Him I rely, and to Him is my return.” | We sent you to a community after others so you may recite Our revelation, though they disbelieve in the Merciful. Say, “He is my Lord; no god but Him. I trust Him and return to Him.” |
| 13:31 | وَلَوْ أَنَّ قُرْآنًا سُيِّرَتْ بِهِ الْجِبَالُ أَوْ قُطِّعَتْ بِهِ الْأَرْضُ أَوْ كُلِّمَ بِهِ الْمَوْتَىٰ بَلْ لِلَّهِ الْأَمْرُ جَمِيعًا أَفَلَمْ يَيْأَسِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ لَوْ يَشَاءُ اللَّهُ لَهَدَى النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَلَا يَزَالُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا تُصِيبُهُمْ بِمَا صَنَعُوا قَارِعَةٌ أَوْ تَحُلُّ قَرِيبًا مِنْ دَارِهِمْ حَتَّىٰ يَأْتِيَ وَعْدُ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُخْلِفُ الْمِيعَادَ | Wa-law anna Qur’ānan suyyirat bihi al-jibālu aw quṭṭi‘at bihi al-arḍu aw kullima bihi al-mawtā bal lillāhi al-amru jamī‘an a-fa-lam yay’as alladhīna āmanū anna law yashā’u Allāhu la-hadā al-nāsa jamī‘an wa-lā yazālu alladhīna kafarū tuṣībuhum bimā ṣana‘ū qāri‘atun aw taḥullu qarīban min dārihim ḥattā ya’tiya wa‘du Allāhi inna Allāha lā yukh’lifu al-mī‘ād | And if there were any Qur’an by which mountains were removed or the earth was broken apart or the dead were made to speak, it would be this Qur’an. But to GOD belongs the affair entirely. Then have those who believed not accepted that if GOD had willed, He would have guided the people, all of them? And those who disbelieve—disaster will not cease to strike them for what they have done or to descend near their home until the promise of GOD comes. Indeed, GOD does not fail in His promise. | If there was a Qur’an to move mountains, split the earth, or raise the dead, it would be this one. But all matters belong to GOD. Do the believers not know if He willed, He’d guide everyone? Disbelievers face disasters for their deeds until GOD’s promise is fulfilled. |
| 13:32 | وَقَدْ مَكَرَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ فَلِلَّهِ الْمَكْرُ جَمِيعًا يَعْلَمُ مَا تَكْسِبُ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ وَسَيَعْلَمُ الْكُفَّارُ لِمَنْ عُقْبَى الدَّارِ | Wa-qad makar alladhīna min qablihim fa-lillāhi al-makru jamī‘an ya‘lamu mā taksibu kullu nafsin wa-saya‘lamu al-kuffāru li-man ‘uqbā al-dār | And those before them had plotted, but to GOD belongs the plan entirely. He knows what every soul earns, and the disbelievers will know for whom is the final home. | Previous people schemed, but all plans belong to GOD. He knows every soul’s deeds, and disbelievers will learn who inherits the ultimate home. |
| 13:33 | أَفَمَنْ هُوَ قَائِمٌ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ وَجَعَلُوا لِلَّهِ شُرَكَاءَ قُلْ سَمُّوهُمْ أَمْ تُنَبِّئُونَهُ بِمَا لَا يَعْلَمُ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَمْ بِظَاهِرٍ مِنَ الْقَوْلِ بَلْ زُيِّنَ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مَكْرُهُمْ وَصُدُّوا عَنِ السَّبِيلِ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُ مِنْ هَادٍ | Afa-man huwa qā’imun ‘alā kulli nafsin bi-mā kasabat wa-ja‘alū lillāhi shurakā’a qul sammūhum am tunabbi’ūnahu bi-mā lā ya‘lamu fī al-arḍi am bi-ẓāhirin min al-qawli bal zuyyina lilladhīna kafarū makruhum wa-ṣuddū ‘ani al-sabīli wa-man yuḍlil Allāhu fa-mā lahu min hād | Then is He who is a maintainer of every soul, what it has earned ? But they have attributed to GOD partners. Say, “Name them. Or do you inform Him of that which He knows not upon the earth, or an apparent saying?” Rather, it has been made attractive to those who disbelieve the planning of theirs, and they have been averted from the way. And whomever GOD leaves astray—there will be for him no guide. | Is He who preserves every soul’s deeds like others? They attribute partners to GOD. Say, “Name them! Or tell Him what He doesn’t know of earth?” Disbelievers’ plans deceive them, and GOD leaves them without guidance. |
| 13:34 | لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَلَعَذَابُ الْآخِرَةِ أَشَقُّ وَمَا لَهُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ وَاقٍ | Lahum ‘adhābun fī al-ḥayāti al-dunyā wa-la-‘adhābu al-ākhirati ashaqqu wa-mā lahum mina Allāhi min wāqin | For them will be punishment in the worldly life, but the punishment of the Hereafter is more severe. And they will not have from GOD any protector. | They’ll face worldly punishment, but the Hereafter’s torment is worse. They’ll have no protection from GOD. |
| 13:35 | مَثَلُ الْجَنَّةِ الَّتِي وُعِدَ الْمُتَّقُونَ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ أُكُلُهَا دَائِمٌ وَظِلُّهَا تِلْكَ عُقْبَى الَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا وَعُقْبَى الْكَافِرِينَ النَّارُ | Mathalu al-jannati allatī wu‘ida al-muttaqūna tajrī min taḥtihā al-anhāru ukuluhā dā’imun wa-ẓilluhā tilka ‘uqbā alladhīna ittaqaw wa-‘uqbā al-kāfirīna al-nāru | The example of Paradise, which the righteous are promised, is that beneath it rivers flow; its fruit is lasting, and so is its shade. That is the consequence for the righteous, and the consequence for the disbelievers is the Fire. | The promised Paradise has rivers beneath it, everlasting fruits, and shade. This is the end for the pious; disbelievers face the Fire. |
Commentary for Verses 26-35
Temporary Nature of This Life (Verses 26-27):
These verses emphasize the fleeting nature of worldly life compared to the Hereafter. Abrahamic thought aligns with this, urging believers to prioritize eternal rewards over temporary pleasures, trusting GOD’s wisdom in provision and guidance.
Tranquility Through Remembrance (Verses 28-29):
True peace lies in the remembrance of GOD, a theme central to Abrahamic theology. These verses remind believers that spiritual fulfillment transcends material gains and worldly struggles.
Divine Revelation and Human Response (Verses 30-31):
Prophets bring divine guidance, yet belief remains a choice. The Qur’an’s miraculous nature is a call for reflection. Abrahamic traditions emphasize that miracles alone do not ensure faith; sincere seeking of GOD is key.
Justice and Accountability (Verses 32-34):
Human schemes cannot override divine justice. These verses warn against arrogance and denial of GOD, echoing the Abrahamic principle of ultimate accountability and the futility of opposing divine will.
Paradise vs. Fire (Verse 35):
The vivid contrast between the eternal joys of Paradise and the torment of Hell serves as a powerful reminder of the choices and their consequences. This aligns with the Abrahamic focus on moral responsibility and divine justice.
Part 5: Verses 36-43
| Verse | Text | Transliteration | Translation | Literal Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13:36 | وَالَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ يَفْرَحُونَ بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَمِنَ الْأَحْزَابِ مَنْ يُنْكِرُ بَعْضَهُ قُلْ إِنَّمَا أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ وَلَا أُشْرِكَ بِهِ إِلَيْهِ أَدْعُو وَإِلَيْهِ مَآبِ | Wa-alladhīna ātaynāhumu al-kitāba yafraḥūna bi-mā unzila ilayka wa-mina al-aḥzābi man yunkiru ba‘ḍahu qul innamā umirtu an a‘buda Allāha wa-lā ushrika bihi ilayhi ad‘ū wa-ilayhi ma’āb | And those to whom We have given the Scripture rejoice at what has been revealed to you, , but among the factions are those who deny part of it. Say, “I have only been commanded to worship GOD and not associate with Him. To Him I invite, and to Him is my return.” | Those given the Scripture rejoice in what’s revealed to you, but some factions deny parts of it. Say, “I’m commanded to worship GOD alone, associate nothing with Him. To Him I call and return.” |
| 13:37 | وَكَذَٰلِكَ أَنْزَلْنَاهُ حُكْمًا عَرَبِيًّا وَلَئِنِ اتَّبَعْتَ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ بَعْدَ مَا جَاءَكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ مَا لَكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ وَلِيٍّ وَلَا وَاقٍ | Wa-kadhālika anzalnāhu ḥukman ‘arabiyyan wa-la-ini ittaba‘ta ahwā’ahum ba‘da mā jā’aka mina al-‘ilmi mā laka mina Allāhi min waliyyin wa-lā wāqin | And thus We have revealed it as an Arabic legislation. And if you should follow their inclinations after what has come to you of knowledge, you would not have against GOD any ally or protector. | We revealed it as an Arabic law. If you follow their desires after knowledge came to you, you’ll have no protector or ally against GOD. |
| 13:38 | وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلًا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ وَجَعَلْنَا لَهُمْ أَزْوَاجًا وَذُرِّيَّةً وَمَا كَانَ لِرَسُولٍ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بِآيَةٍ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ لِكُلِّ أَجَلٍ كِتَابٌ | Wa-laqad arsalnā rusulan min qablika wa-ja‘alnā lahum azwājan wa-dhurriyyatan wa-mā kāna li-rasūlin an ya’tiya bi-āyatin illā bi-idhni Allāhi li-kulli ajalin kitāb | And We have already sent messengers before you and assigned to them wives and descendants. And it was not for a messenger to bring a sign except by permission of GOD. For every term is a decree. | We sent messengers before you, giving them spouses and children. No messenger brings signs except by GOD’s permission. Every period has its decree. |
| 13:39 | يَمْحُو اللَّهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَيُثْبِتُ وَعِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ | Yamḥu Allāhu mā yashā’u wa-yuthbitu wa-‘indahu ummu al-kitāb | GOD eliminates what He wills or confirms, and with Him is the Mother of the Book. | GOD erases or confirms what He wills; the Mother of the Book is with Him. |
| 13:40 | وَإِنْ مَا نُرِيَنَّكَ بَعْضَ الَّذِي نَعِدُهُمْ أَوْ نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ الْبَلَاغُ وَعَلَيْنَا الْحِسَابُ | Wa-in mā nuriyannaka ba‘ḍa alladhī na‘iduhum aw natawaffayannaka fa-innamā ‘alayka al-balāghu wa-‘alaynā al-ḥisāb | Whether We show you some of what We promise them or take you in death, upon you is the conveyance , and upon Us is the account. | If We show you some of what We promised them or take your soul, your duty is delivering the message; the account is Ours. |
| 13:41 | أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّا نَأْتِي الْأَرْضَ نَنْقُصُهَا مِنْ أَطْرَافِهَا وَاللَّهُ يَحْكُمُ لَا مُعَقِّبَ لِحُكْمِهِ وَهُوَ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ | Awa-lam yaraw annā na’tī al-arḍa nanquṣuha min aṭrāfihā wa-Allāhu yaḥkumu lā mu‘aqqiba li-ḥukmihi wa-huwa sarī‘u al-ḥisāb | Do they not see that We set upon the land, reducing it from its borders? And GOD decides; there is no adjuster of His decision. And He is swift in account. | Have they not seen how We shrink the earth from its edges? GOD decides; none can change His judgment. He’s quick in reckoning. |
| 13:42 | وَقَدْ مَكَرَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ فَلِلَّهِ الْمَكْرُ جَمِيعًا يَعْلَمُ مَا تَكْسِبُ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ وَسَيَعْلَمُ الْكُفَّارُ لِمَنْ عُقْبَى الدَّارِ | Wa-qad makar alladhīna min qablihim fa-lillāhi al-makru jamī‘an ya‘lamu mā taksibu kullu nafsin wa-saya‘lamu al-kuffāru li-man ‘uqbā al-dār | And those before them had plotted, but to GOD belongs the plan entirely. He knows what every soul earns, and the disbelievers will know for whom is the final home. | Those before schemed, but all planning belongs to GOD. He knows every soul’s deeds, and disbelievers will learn who has the final home. |
| 13:43 | وَيَقُولُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَسْتَ مُرْسَلًا قُلْ كَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ شَهِيدًا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكُمْ وَمَنْ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ الْكِتَابِ | Wa-yaqūlu alladhīna kafarū lasta mursalā qul kafā bi-Allāhi shahīdan baynī wa-baynakum wa-man ‘indahu ‘ilmu al-kitāb | And those who have disbelieved say, “You are not a messenger.” Say, “Sufficient is GOD as Witness between me and you and those who have knowledge of the Scripture.” | Disbelievers say, “You’re not a messenger.” Say, “GOD suffices as a Witness between me and you, along with those who know the Scripture.” |
Commentary for Verses 36-43
Unity of Revelation (Verse 36):
The acceptance of revelation by some and rejection by others reflects human free will. Abrahamic traditions emphasize the shared roots of divine scriptures, affirming the unity of GOD’s message across communities.
Divine Law and Responsibility (Verses 37-40):
These verses highlight the divine origin of the Qur’an and the universality of its laws. Abrahamic teachings stress that messengers are channels of divine will, with accountability resting with GOD. Faithful transmission of the message is the prophet’s responsibility, while judgment belongs to GOD alone.
GOD’s Sovereignty (Verses 41-42):
The shrinking of the earth symbolizes the decline of worldly powers in the face of divine authority. GOD’s control over all matters reinforces Abrahamic faith in an all-powerful Creator who rules the universe with justice and wisdom. This vision encourages believers to recognize that every event, whether earthly or spiritual, is part of the divine plan, inviting them to submit confidently and humbly to His perfect will.
V. 41 Three key reflections we can draw from this verse:
Earthly power is not the measure of faith: The reduction of boundaries or physical dominion may be a test for believing communities, reminding them that the true purpose is not material conquest or control, but the preservation and deepening of faith. This dynamic is an invitation to focus on the core of the spiritual mission rather than on the external manifestations of power.
A call to responsibility: The contraction of boundaries may stem from the weakening of a community’s moral and spiritual coherence. When believers’ actions stray from divine values and principles, the result can be a loss of blessings, including unity and control over their own territories.
GOD as the Absolute Judge: The verse emphasizes that every event, including political or territorial decline, is subject to divine judgment. Nothing happens without GOD’s permission, and every historical phase is part of His greater plan. This reminds believers to maintain trust in divine judgment, even when circumstances appear unfavorable.
Concluding Thoughts
Sura Ar-Ra’d (The Thunder) encapsulates profound themes central to the Abrahamic worldview: the sovereignty of GOD, the balance between divine mercy and justice, and the ultimate accountability of humanity. Through vivid metaphors and direct admonitions, the sura calls believers to reflect on the transient nature of worldly life and the eternal significance of the Hereafter.
The imagery of thunder, lightning, and natural phenomena as signs of GOD’s power serves as a reminder of His presence and majesty, urging humanity to align their lives with divine guidance. The sura also highlights the futility of opposing GOD’s will and the transient nature of human schemes, contrasting this with the lasting rewards promised to the righteous.
Ultimately, the message of Sura Ar-Ra’d is a call to faith, gratitude, and action. It invites believers to trust in GOD’s wisdom, engage in righteous deeds, and strive for spiritual tranquility through His remembrance. As with all Abrahamic scriptures, the sura reaffirms that the path to eternal success lies in submission to the One True GOD, adherence to His covenant, and hope in His infinite mercy.